| Binary | Decimal |
|---|---|
| 0001 | 1 |
| 0010 | 2 |
| 0100 | 4 |
| 1000 | 8 |
| 1010 | 10 |
| 1111 | 15 |
| 10000 | 16 |
| 11111111 | 255 |
| 100000000 | 256 |
1010 in binary = 1×8 + 0×4 + 1×2 + 0×1 = 10 in decimal.
11111111 in binary = 255 in decimal (max value of a byte).
Multiply each binary digit by 2 raised to its position power (starting from 0 on the right), then sum all values.